Pumping system



June 10, 1952 w R. EAMES 2,599,701

PUMPING SYSTEM Filed Oct. 25, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

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PUMPING SYSTEM Filed Oct. 25, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN V EN TOR.

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PUMPING SYSTEM Filed Oct. 25, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR.

QTTOINI'KS Patented June 10, 1952 PUMPING SYSTEM Walter R. Eames, WarrenTownship, Macomb County, Mich., ing Company, of Ohio assignor to EatonManufactur- Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation Application October 25, 1945,Serial No. 624,471

8 Claims. i 1 This invention relates to pumping systems and moreparticularly to multiple stage compound pumping systems. l

- Broadly the invention comprehends a pumping system embodying amultiple pump arranged in circuit having suitable valve control meanstherefor adaptable to provide for multiple stage pressure operation ofthe pumping system.

An object of the invention is the provision of a simple, efficientmultiple stage pumping system.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a pumping circuitembodying a plurality of pumps and appropriate controls therefor toprovide for varying stages of pressure compounding.

- Another object of the invention-is the provision of a pumping systemadapted to pump at high capacity-low pressure during one phase ofoperation and low capacity-high pressure during v another phase ofoperation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a two-stage compoundpumping system operable initially in parallel at high capacity-lowpressure and after a predetermined pressure attainment operable atseries in low capacity-high pressure. i

A further'object of the invention is the provision of a two-stagecompound pumping circuit embodying a pair of diiferent capacity pumpssuitably controlled by automatic pressure responsive valves so as to beoperable initially in parallel at high capacity-low pressure andsubsequently upon attainment of a predetermined pressure in series atlow capacity-high pressure.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from thefollowing description taken in connection with the drawings, forming apart of the specification; and in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the pumping circuit; 1 I

Fig. 2 is a vertical, cross-sectional view of a two-stage pumping systemembodying the invention.

FigLB is a vertical view taken along line 3--3 Fig. 4 is a cross.sectional view taken along line-4+4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5' is'a cross sectionaliview taken along line Fig. 6 is a sectionalview similar to Fig. 3 but in less detail; i i

Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view taken along line 1-1 of Fig.6;

. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view. taken along line 81-8 of Fig.6;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken along line 9--9 ofFig. 6; and

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the modified form of the pumpingcircuit shown by Fig. 1.

The instant invention is directed at a multiple stage compound pumpingcircuit wherein pressures developed are beyond the range of a singlestage pumping circuit such that the use of several stages cuts theeffective loads of one pump while at the same time providing forincreased pump life. Circuits of this type are adaptable for use whereinitial capacity is of utmost importance and secondly high pressure suchas in the case of automatic transmissions to provide holding pressurefor the clutches employed therein. When shifting from one set ofclutches to another it is desirable to have the particular clutch systemselected filled rapidly so as to efiect quick engagement and thence tobe engaged at high pressure as the pumping system advances from itsinitial high capacity-low pressure stage to subsequent lowercapacity-higher pressure stages.

The circuit herein specifically devised comprises a pair of rotor typepumps of slightly diiferent capacities arranged in circuit withappropriate check and relief valves for automatically controlling thecompound parallel and series operation of the pumps as they pass throughthe initial high capacity-low pressure stage to the low capacity-highpressure stage.

Referring to the drawings for more specific details of the invention,Fig. 1 represents a diagrammatic showing of a pump circuit hereindevised wherein l0 and I2 represent respectively a pair of rotor pumps,l0 operating as the first stage pump and I2 the second stage pump of atwo-stage compound pumping circuit. Intake lines l4 and I6 connectedrespectively to pumps 10 and I2 communicate with a reservoir, not shown,by way of inlet line IS with a one-way check valve 20 interposed in theintake line It of the second stage pump. A relief and control valve 22interposed intermediate to the discharge line 24 of the pump I0 andintake to the pump I2, said valve 22 also controlling communicationbetween the fluid intake and discharge of pump I 0. The pumps! and I2have respectively in their direct discharge line 26 and 28 a one-Waycheck valve 30 for pump I 0 and pressure relief valve 32 for pump l2.The discharge lines 25 and 28 communicate beyond the valves 30 and 32with a fluid line 34 adapted to be associated with the mechanism to beoperated by the pump action. A relief port 36 is associated with therelief valve 32 providing the return of pressure fluid to the reservoirupon cracking of valve 32.

With reference to Figs. 2 through 9 of the drawings, illustration ismade of the specific embodiment of the aforementioned pumping circuit ina simple, compact arrangement, of pumps and controls therefor in asingle housing.

A housing Iiit having suitable end plates I62 and I04 suitably securedon opposite ends thereof is provided with appropriate chambers Iflii andIE8 for the receipt and support of pumps It and I2 driven by a singleshaft I I suitably journaled in the housing It!) on bearings H2 and inthe end plate IM on bearings H4. The pumps I9 and I2 are of the typeincluding respectively a pair of toothed rotors Ill: and H8, and I28 andI22, one within and eccentric to the other and having a least one lesstooth division than the other, the teeth having diagrammatic opposedfull mesh and open mesh positions and preferably remaining insubstantially contacting relationship, with respect to each otherbetween such positions. The rotors H8 and I22 are keyed to the shaft H0and are driven thereby, said rotors driving their mating rotors throughthe inter-engagement of their respective teeth, and asthe teeth moveaway from the full mesh position in the direction of rotation, they openetween them pum hamb s w i h c ntinu to increa in v lume which chambersdecrease in volume irem open m sh pos ti n to. full m s p tion in thedirection of rotation The first stage pump I0, is

as shownmadeoi sl h ly ea er apacity. than second stage pump I2.

The type. of pumps. here employed is. not to be taken as any. limitationof the invention but merely, as an example of compact effioient pumpssuitable for a pumping circuit of this nature.

The pump, housing Hi0 is, provided with inlet passage {24% (I3, Fig. 1)which communicates respectivelywith chambers I and Hi8; by way ofpassages I26 and I28 (I4 and I6, Fig. I), said passage I28; beingcontrolled by a one-way check valve I311 (20, Fig. 1) secured upon house'ing I00. VA spring pressed control and reliei valve. I32. (22, Fig. 1)vmounted for reciproca-W tion in a bore. I in the. housingcontrols'communication between a passage I35 on the inlet side of pumpI12 and passage I38 (2.4, Fig, 1) connected to thedischarge. side ofpump. III, said valve L32 also adapted to control passage I40 providingcommunication between the inlet and dischargepassages of pump I0 by wayof bore I34.

The, pump I2 is provided with an outlet passage I42 (28, Fig. 1).communicating with a spring pressed relief b'y-pass valve I44 (32,Fig. 1) reciprocable in a bore? I46 in housing I00 controlling the.outlet pressure of pump 12- by way of pressure relief port I48 adaptedto be connected with the reservoir for the pumping circuit. The pump I0.discharges through a passage I59 (26, Fig. l). in the end plate I04controlled as by a one-way check valve I52 (30, Fig. 1) interposed inthe passage. The discharge passages I42 and I50. of the. respective.pumps II)v and I Z-areadapted to be suitably. connected at a pointadjacent to, or remote from-.the pump housing such as shown; by. fluidline 34.01" Fig. 1 depending on the design requirements,

Fig. 10 illustrates a modified iorm of pump circuit shown by Fig. 1wherein the. difference resides, in the addition ofa pump 28D, reliefand control valve 202, and check valves 2.04. and 206. B he ddi ic e eofanot er p p tageor to open mesh position and mum. at ng pressu e. e

operation is provided and accordingly the stages of operation ofcircuits of this type are solely to be limited by the number of pumpsprovided. Inasmuch as the operation of this system follows the teachingsof the pump circuit shown by Fig. 1 and hereinbeiore described it is notdeemed necessary that the precise, operation hereof be recited otherthan to indicate that a proper selection of pump capacities andvalve'pressures is vitally important to the successful operation of thesystem.

For the purpose of illustrating a. typical pumpins circuit utilizing theinstant scheme of twostage compound pumping, the following'pumpcapacities and' control valve operating pressures are used, the firststage pump IIl-5 gallons, second stage pump I2-4 gallons, control andrelief valve I32 acting as a control valve to provide'communicationbetween the inlet side of pump I2 and outlet or discharge port of pumpIII a #(sqn.- oi pump i and a a relietvel at 250 s1- scharg pre u e Yup. provide communication between the nd. t e Qf ump ll SQ s. t innit e911ml? Ill. 32. 2.59. #/s -i a 3 1 a v I s et at 50-9 f to so @Qntmi cmbin ci; d scha e ure f t e ump l nd V a a ees wh n ope aimn a .v qi the.1 pre ure ump W h a cresa d on r l e sur s a meal: entrances pum ing cuit up n. i .tet onoiqtne' ait 1e and consequent operation of thepumpsgtg and}, 2, u d r wn imp th resav oi the sump ircu t. i the pmnspm idin v en Pum pre sure a irqm t e pec ve; pumps- 1 initial stagesof pressure. dev H n i r: pre s re sde ivere Charge passasss iz; a ecanism; t h iner iedthe ebvpar l staeact qner n i; t e n a er s ei -me Q1; e pressure as a combined pumping a 'f p mps y way i fluid d li! m mea3,4. sh wn by ie. 1., II-hewmn t a ion of t e pumps ccntinues \m he. P ue ere cnec be. 1 m 2: h qinral e e s s i t to p i f luid Pre and t roughhen r t r i ia sta o d schar 1hr 12 4 ser s. will ex t b Durin this phasc onera iqni pump I2 from the reservoir, whereas Ontarians to pump I2,valve I32 is further moveminibore I34; until such time. as the:discharge pressure of pump I0 reaches 250 s m. whereinas the;

V c v e. passage. m;soast m iu gco nication between the intake anddischargsiiies: of the. pump, it and. thus limit: the d velopment ofpressure on the fluid in pump III to 25041E/sd. in. With, the controland. relief: valve... I 32 actuated 'to lt-S limit at 250 #/Sq. in.operatingfipsessuzia a: pump I0 and check valves-..I3fl and I52;seated-the pressure developed by pumpJIII.isapplied to 12 in thecomplete series operation of the pumps and the discharge of fluid underpressure is delivered from pump I2 of outlet I42 to the mechanism to beactuated thereby. As a means of controlling the maximum pressure atwhich the compound pumping circuit is desired to be operated, reliefvalve I44 is set to crack at 500 #/sq. in. to thus provide for relief ofpressure fluid from the system through pressure relief port I48 whichalthough not shown as such, is preferably adapted to be communicatedback to the reservoir of the pumping circuit. After utilization of thepressure is developed for its intended purpose, the recession ofpressure in the system causes the actuation or return of the valves totheir normal positions and thus provides the reversal of operation ofthe pumping circuit, that is, from series pump operation at highpressure-low volume to low pressure-high volume. This completes a cycleof operation of the pumping circuit.

The pump capacities or control valve pressures hereinbefore recited arenot to be taken as limitations upon the pumping circuit herein devisedor its nature of operation except to the extent that it presents apractical arrangement that can be employed.

While this invention has been described in con nection with certainspecific embodiments, the principle involved is susceptible of numerousother applications that will readily occur to persons skilled in theart. The invention, therefore, is limited only as indicated by the scopeof the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a compound pump circuit, a pair of pumps and a combinationpressure staging control and relief valve interposed between the outletof one pump and the inlet of the other pump and the outlet and inlet ofthe pump whose pressure it controls, one of said pumps having a one-waycheck valve in its intake and said other pump having a one-way checkvalve in its discharge line said pressure staging and relief valve beingsubject to the pressure output of the pump having a one-way check valvein its discharge line.

2. In a compound pump circuit, a pair of interconnected, unlike capacitypumps, a combination pressure staging control and relief valve in theinterconnection between the outlet of one pump and the inlet of theother pump and the outlet and inlet of the pump whose pressure itcontrols, fluid supply means for the pumps, a check valve in the intakeside of one of the pumps, a check valve in the discharge of the otherpump, and a pressure relief valve in the discharge of the pump havingthe check valve in its intake said pressure staging and relief valvebeing subject to the pressure output of the pump having a one-way checkvalve in its discharge line.

3. In a compound pump circuit, a pair of interconnected, unlike capacitypumps, a combination pressure control and relief valve in theinterconnection between the outlet of one pump and the inlet of theother pump and the outlet and inlet of the pump whose pressure itcontrols for controlling the pressure at which the pumps change from aparallel to series operation and for limiting the maximum outputpressure of the larger capacity pump, operable under the influence ofpressure fluid discharged from the larger capacity pump, fluid supplymeans for the pumps, a check valve in the intake side of the smallercapacity pumps, a check valve in the discharge of the other pump, and apressure relief valve in the discharge of the smaller capacity pump,said control and relief valve controlling the output capacity of thelarger capacity pump and also the communication between the dischargeand intake thereof.

4. A compound pump circuit, a pair of intercommunicated unlike capacitypumps driven from the same shaft, valve means interposed in thecommunication between the outlet of the larger capacity pump and theinlet of the lesser capacity pump and the inlet and outlet of the largercapacity pump for respectively controlling the pressure at which thepumps are to change from parallel to series operation and for limitingthe output pressure of the larger capacity pump in the series operationthereof operable under the influence of pressure fluid discharged fromthe larger capacity pump, and check valve means in the discharge andinlet of the respective second and first pumps for assisting in thecontrol of the pump circuit during] the parallel and seriesoperationthereof.

5. A compound pumping circuit comprising a plurality of unlike capacitypumps having intercommunication with one another between the outlets ofthe larger capacity pumps and the inlets of the adjacent lesser capacitypumps normally arranged for initial parallel pump operation andcombination pressure relief and control staging valves in the dischargeof all of the pumps but the pump with the least capacity operable underthe influence of pressure fluid from the pump in whose discharge it islocated for controlling the pressure at which each pump will operate inseries with the pump of next lesser capacity, said valves being alsoarranged in a conduit communication between the inlet and outlet portsof all the pumps but the pump of least capacity for limiting the maximumoutput pressure of its associated pump.

6 A compound pumping circuit comprising two unlike capacity pumpscommunicating with one another, valve means interposed between theoutlet of the larger capacity pump and the inlet of the lesser capacitypump and between the outlet and inlet ports of the larger capacity pumpsfor controlling either the parallel or series operation of the pumps,said valve means being pressure actuated to initially control theparallel operation of the pumps intermediate the series operation of thepumps and finally to control the maximum output pressure of the largerpump, said valve means being operable under the influence of thepressure fluid being delivered from the first stage pump of the seriesstage of operation, a check valve in the discharge from the largercapacity pump, and a check valve in the intake to the smaller capacitypump for assisting in the control of the pumping circuit during theoperations of the pump through both stages of parallel and seriesoperation.

7. A multiple pump unit comprising a unitary body having a plurality ofunlike capacity pumps mounted thereon and having interconnected passagesbetween their respective intake and discharge and between the dischargeof the larger capacity pump and intake of the smaller capacity pump, adrive shaft journalled in the body common to both pumps, apressureresponsive valve controlling communication between the discharge of thelarger capacity pump and intake of the smaller capacity pump andcommunication between the discharge and intake of the larger capacitypump, said valve operable upon a predetermined pressure discharge fromthe larger capacity pump to change the pumps from a series to parallelstage of operation and: further op-ir pacity pump to limit the maximumoutput pressure thereof.

8. A compoundpumping circuit comprising a plurality of unlike capacitypumps having interconnected passages between their respective in takeand dischargeandbetween the discharge of: the larger capacity pump-andthesmal-ler'capacity pump, means for driving the pumps simultaneously, apressure responsive valve controlling communication between thedischarge: of the larger capacity pump and the intake-cf, the smallercapacity pump and communication, between the discharge and intake of thelarger capacity pump, said valve operable upon a predetermined, pressuredischarge from the; larger capacitypump to change the pump from aseriesto parallel. stage of operation and furtheroperable at, a higherpredetermined pressure to limit the maximum output pressure of thelarger capacity pump, a one way check valve in the discharge from thelarger capacity pump, a one way check valve in the intake to the smallercapacity pump and a pressure responsive valve for controllingcommunication between the discharge and intake of the smaller capacitypump, said latter pressure responsive valve operable upon predeterminedpressure discharge of the smaller capacity pump to limit the maximumoutput pressure thereof. WALTER R. EAMES.

REFERENSES CIT-ED The following references are of record in the file ofthis-patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number, Name Date 1,477,850 Pool Dec. 18, 19231,825,661 Gull Oct. 6, 1931 2,132,130 Sallot Oct. i,- 1938 2,218,565Vickers Oct. 22, 1940 2,255,560 Fieber etal.- Sept. 9, 1941 2,286,392Herman et a1. Apr. 21', 1942 2,366,388 Crosby Jan. 2,. 1945 2,377,556Jeannin June 5-, 1945

